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The chicory plant is one of the earliest cited in recorded literature. Horace mentions it in reference to his own diet, which he describes as very simple: "Me pascunt olivae, me cichorea, me malvae"("As for me, olives, endives, and mallows provide sustenance."). Lord Monboddo describes the plant in 1779 as the "chicoree", which the French cultivate as a "pot herb". In the Napoleonic Era in France, chicory frequently appeared as either an adulterant in coffee or a coffee substitute; this practice also became common in the United States and the United Kingdom.Chicory is an ingredient in typical Roman recipes, generally fried with garlic and red pepper, with its bitter and spicy taste, often together with meat or potatoes. FAO reports that in 2005, China and the USA were the top producers of lettuce and chicory.

Chicory is also mentioned in certain sericulture texts- the primary caretaker of the silkworms, the "silkworm mother" should not eat or even touch it. Where it has become a common roadside plant. The roots are baked, ground, and used as a coffee substitute and additive in the plant's Mediterranean region of origin, although its use as a coffee additive is still very popular in India, parts of Southeast Asia and the American South, particularly in New Orleans. It is a staple in Cajun-style red-eye gravy. Common chicory is also known as blue sailors , succory , and coffeeweed . The plant is cultivated and used as endive under the common names radicchio, Belgian endive , French endive , or witloof . It is grown in complete darkness to keep new leaves tender and pale.