Biological Xylitol is a kind of white crystals or white powder-like crystals, is hygroscopic, non-toxic and odor, sweet, easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol and methanol. Biological Xylitol, also known as pentitol, is one of the sugar alcohols. It is a five-carbon sugar alcohol that can be used as a sucrose substitute. Biological Xylitol’s sweetness is about the same with that of sucrose, but the heat is only 60% of that of the sucrose. Biological Xylitol is widely used in the chemical, food, pharmaceutical and other industries as sweeteners, nutritional and pharmaceutical agents. Biological Xylitol’s physiological activity is the best in all edible sugar alcohols , and its superiority has been showed in the prevention of dental caries while not increasing blood sugar and also in the field of diabetic foods.