| ≥1 piece |
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 2,234 kJ (534 kcal) |
| Carbohydrates | 28.88 g |
| - Sugars | 1.55 g |
| - Dietary Fiber | 27.3 g |
| Fat | 42.16 g |
| - saturated | 3.663 |
| - monounsaturated | 7.527 |
| - polyunsaturated | 28.730 |
| Protein | 18.29 g |
| Thiamine (vit. B 1 ) | 1.644 mg (143%) |
| Riboflavin (vit. B 2 ) | 0.161 mg (13%) |
| Niacin (vit. B 3 ) | 3.08 mg (21%) |
| Pantothenic acid (B 5 ) | 0.985 mg (20%) |
| Vitamin B 6 | 0.473 mg (36%) |
| Folate (vit. B 9 ) | 0 μg (0%) |
| Vitamin C | 0.6 mg (1%) |
| Calcium | 255 mg (26%) |
| Iron | 5.73 mg (44%) |
| Magnesium | 392 mg (110%) |
| Phosphorus | 642 mg (92%) |
| Potassium | 813 mg (17%) |
| Zinc | 4.34 mg (46%) |
Flax seeds contain high levels of dietary fiber as well as lignans, an abundance of micronutrients and omega-3 fatty acids (table). Studies have shown that flax seeds may lower cholesterol levels, although with differing results in terms of gender. One study found results were better for women [ 11 ] whereas a later study found benefits only for men. [ 12 ] Initial studies suggest that flax seeds taken in the diet may benefit individuals with certain types of breast [ 13 ] [ 14 ] and prostate cancers. [ 15 ] A study done at Duke University suggests that flaxseed may stunt the growth of prostate tumors, [ 15 ] although a meta-analysis found the evidence on this point to be inconclusive. [ 16 ] Flax may also lessen the severity of diabetes by stabilizing blood-sugar levels. [ 17 ] There is some support for the use of flax seed as a laxative due to its dietary fiber content [ 6 ] though excessive consumption without liquid can result in intestinal blockage. [ 18 ] Consuming large amounts of flax seed may impair the effectiveness of certain oral medications, due to its fiber content, [ 18 ] and may have adverse effects due to its content of neurotoxic cyanogen glycosides and immunosuppressive cyclic nonapeptides. [ citation needed ]
One of the main components of flax is lignan, which has plant estrogen as well as Antioxidants (flax contains up to 800 times more lignans than other plant foods contain). [ 19 ]