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Phycocyanin
Plant Original: Arthrospira platensis
Part Used: Cultivated whole Algae
Appearance: Fine Blue Powder
Description:
Phycocyanin is a pigment-protein complex from the light-harvesting phycobiliprotein family, along with allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin.[1] It is an accessory pigment to chlorophyll. All
phycobiliproteins are water-soluble, so they cannot exist within the membrane like
carotenoids can. Instead, phycobiliproteins aggregate to form clusters that adhere to the membrane called phycobilisomes. Phycocyanin is a characteristic light blue color, absorbing
orange and red light, particularly near 620 nm (depending on which specific type it is), and emits fluorescence at about
650 nm (also depending on which type it is). Allophycocyanin absorbs and emits at longer wavelengths than phycocyanin
C or phycocyanin R. Phycocyanins are found in Cyanobacteria (also called blue-green algae). Phycobiliproteins have fluorescent properties
that are used in immunoassay kits. Phycocyanin is from the
Greek phyco meaning "algae" and cyanin is from the English word "cyan", which conventionally means a shade of blue-green (close to "aqua") and is derived from the Greek "
kyanos" which means a somewhat different color: "dark blue". The product phycocyanin, produced by Aphanizomenon
flosaquae and spirulina, is for example used in the food and beverage industry as the natural coloring agent 'Lina Blue'
and is found in sweets and ice cream.
The phycobiliproteins are made of two subunits(alpha and
beta) having a protein backbone to which 1-2 linear tetrapyrrole chromophores are covalently bound.
C-phycocyanin is often found in cyanobacteria which thrive
around hot springs, as it can be stable up to around 70°C,
with identical spectroscopic (light absorbing) behaviours at
20 and 70°C. Thermophiles contain slightly different amino
acid sequences making it stable under these higher
conditions. Molecular weight is around 30,000 Da. Stability of
this protein invitro at these temperatures has been shown to be substantially lower. Photo-spectral analysis of the protein after 1 min exposure to 65°C
conditions in a purified state demonstrated a 50% loss of
tertiary structure.
KINGHERBS's phycocyanin is from spirulina.
Phycocyanin is an phycobiliprotein. Many of the dietary and therapeutic attributes of spirulina come from phycocyanin.
Phycocyanin is the pigment that gives the blue-green algae the "blue" tonality.
Functions:
1.Anti-inflammatory and antihyperalgesic.
2.Neuroprotective and terapeutic against brain stroke.
3.Hepato-protective, renal-protective and thymic-protective.
4.Anti-carcinogenic.
5.Antibacterial activity.
6.A natural pigment in the food and cosmetic industries.
7.A fluorescent pigment for medical uses.