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Phytic Acid
Also named inositol hexaphosphate
1.Molecular formula: C6H18O24P6
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3.EC No:***
4.Function: antioxidant,preservative
Phytic acid (PA)3 or myo-inositol hexakisphosphate is a common constituent of plants; it is stored largely as a complex salt of Mg2+, K+, together with proteins within subcelllular single-membrane particles in grains and seeds. This molecule is an inhibitor of mineral absorption because the negative charges of the phosphate groups form insoluble salts upon interaction with di- and trivalent cations. Phytate thus causes deficiencies in minerals such as Ca, Fe and Zn when present in excess in the human diet (Maga 1982 ). To improve mineral bioavailability, PA levels may be decreased by phytase, an enzyme that catalyzes the stepwise hydrolysis of phytate to phosphate and inositol via penta- to monophosphates.
Physical and chemical properties: Colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid. Easily soluble in water,ethanol,acetone; almost insoluble in pure ether, benzene, hexane and chloroform. It is a kind of important organic phosphorus series additive with unique physical and chemical properties. It is widely used in the industries including food, medicine, paint, coating, daily-use chemicals, metal processing, textile, plastic and macromolecule as chelating agent, antioxidant, antistaling agent, color fixative, water softener, accelerant and metal preservative etc..
Its appearance is clear to pale yellow viscous liquid. It contains 12 acid groups which are able to complex with metals to form white insoluble mineral salts. Its easily soluble in water and 95% ethanol slightly soluble in pure ethanol, almost insoluble in pure ether and hexane. It exists naturally in form of phytin.
Applications: In various industries as antioxidant, preservative, stabilizer, developing agent, contrast agent, oral cleansing agent, fermentation promoter, water treatment agent, anti-rust anti-corrosion agent for metals, coating additive, gathering agent for rare earth and precious metals, high molecular solvent, fuel anti-knock agent and chelating agent for removal of metal ions. For example, usages in food processing:
Add 0.02-0.05% to improve color of canned foods, soft drinks and milk drinks
Add 0.01-0.05% to shorten fermentation time and improve color and scent
Residue allowed in end food products should NMT 0.02%