hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside found abundantly in Citrus fruits. Its aglycone form is called hesperetin. Its name is derived from the Hesperides nymphs of Greek mythology. hesperidin is believed to play a role in plant defense. It acts as an antioxidant according to in vitro studies.
Hesperidin reduced cholesterol and blood pressure in rats. In a mouse study, large doses of hesperidin decreased bone density loss. Another animal study showed protective effects against sepsis. In vitro and in laboratory research, hesperidin has anti-inflammatory effects.
Hesperidin is also a potential sedative, possibly acting through opioid or adenosine receptors. Hesperidin exhibited pronounced anticancer activity against some selected human carcinoma cell lines.
Some in vitro results applied only to the aglycone form. Hesperidin also showed potential to penetrate the blood–brain barrier in an in vitro model.